What are the reasons for the failure of reciprocating grate?

　　Reciprocating GrateThe reasons for the failure are as follows:

　　(1) The material requirements are not high. To reduce costs, the sealing iron on the side of the grate is often made of HT200, which has a low heat resistance temperature and is prone to high-temperature burn damage, deformation, and chain jamming. Due to the high temperature inside the furnace, heat-resistant cast iron should be used. For example, rqta122 is heated to 1100℃ in air furnace gas. The main chain of the reciprocating grate should also be made of heat-resistant cast iron to ensure long-term good mechanical performance.

　　(2)Reciprocating GrateThe manufacturing precision requirements are not high, and the errors are relatively large. As a type of quick-install boiler, the flatness of the front and rear axes of the grate affects the forward resistance and average stress of the grate, making it easy to cause the grate to deviate and break. When the grate deviates, there is no reference standard for adjusting the bolts on both sides, and users rely solely on experience, which is inconvenient.

　　(3) The processing error of the chain teeth of the reciprocating grate is large, and due to uneven force, it leads to wear of the chain teeth, tearing of the grate shaft, arching, and bending. When milling the keyway, if the arrangement of the chain teeth is uneven, or if the assembly order is incorrect, it leads to asynchronous chain teeth. For example, the chain tooth error of a 10t/h boiler can be as high as 12mm. During the operation of the boiler, the grate often tears extensively, and the grate shaft bends. Comprehensive maintenance is required, which is both time-consuming and labor-intensive.

　　(4) The ash removal device in the air chamber urgently needs improvement. Timely removal of ash accumulation in the wind chamber is beneficial for the normal air supply and cooling of the furnace beam. If the fallen coal ash is not removed in time, it will burn due to the high temperature inside the furnace and damage the furnace beam track. In addition to the correct and timely operation by the operators, the ash removal handle or pull rod should be labor-saving and reliable, and the ash removal plate Z should be well made, with a smooth friction surface, fully considering the impact of thermal deformation. Moreover, the wind chamber is the preheating and drying stage for coal, requiring a small amount of air, and is generally closed during operation. Ash leakage is mostly fine coal, which is very easy to burn. It has been found that multiple boilers have repeatedly experienced excessive burning deformation of the furnace beam, mainly concentrated in the primary and secondary wind chambers. Later, during maintenance, in order to prevent coal leakage, the wind chamber was closed, and the effect was good.

　　(5) The control of the air door air volume is rough. Due toReciprocating Gratebaking, the temperature at the air door is usually around 100℃. Affected by expansion and contraction, parts are prone to deformation, leading to loose closure, inconsistency between opening and actual conditions, and other failures.

　　(6) The lubrication method of the front and rear main shafts needs improvement. The front and rear main shafts mostly use sliding friction with bearing shells and are lubricated with grease, generally consisting of 4 to 8 oil injection holes. Since the working temperature of the front and rear main shafts is around 100℃, ordinary calcium-based grease is prone to solidification, so heat-resistant grease should be used. However, the oil path is too thin and long, making refueling difficult. Some boiler rooms have tried using a 30# oil cup as a replacement, and the current effect is good.

　　(7) Improper maintenance during operation. Many units have low working quality of coal feeding machines and lack knowledge related to boilers. Some people lack a sense of responsibility. If ash is not cleaned in time, it will lead to poor ventilation, and if there is insufficient oil in the oil cup, it will lead to poor lubrication. Many small problems were not discovered in time, leading to accidents.

　　(8) Issues in leadership and management. If the specified coal is not used, leading to the boiler not adapting to the coal, regular inspections and maintenance will not be conducted.